Heat oil in a large pan over medium heat and add cardamom pods, star anise, and bay leaf. Sauté briefly until fragrant.
Add garlic and ginger paste and stir continuously until golden and aromatic.
Stir in chili powder, ground cumin, coriander, black pepper, and garam masala, cooking for 30 seconds.
Add tamarind paste (or vinegar) and tomato paste, cooking for 1-2 minutes until well combined.
Pour in base gravy and simmer until the mixture becomes rich and thick.
Add your choice of cooked protein if desired and simmer for additional 5-7 minutes.