Pour warm water into a bowl, then stir in sugar and yeast. Let sit until yeast begins to bubble, about 5 minutes.
In an electric mixer fitted with paddle attachment, mix flour, cornmeal, and salt on low to combine.
Pour in yeast mixture and olive oil while mixing on low speed until combined.
Switch to dough hook and knead on medium-high speed until smooth, about 2-3 minutes. Add water or flour as needed to make a soft dough.
Place dough in an oiled bowl, cover, and let rise until doubled in size, 1 1/4 to 1 1/2 hours.
Preheat oven to 400°F. Punch down dough and press into a 14x10 inch oiled baking pan or 12 inch oiled cast iron skillet, pressing dough up sides to form a shell.
Fill shell with an even layer of provolone and mozzarella, then spread sauce to completely cover cheese.
Top with pepperoni and sprinkle with grated cheese and oregano.
Cover with foil and bake 45 minutes.
Remove foil and bake until crust is deep golden brown and pizza is bubbly, about 20 minutes.
Let sit 5-10 minutes before cutting into wedges and serving.